Antiplasmodial Potential and Phytochemical Screening of Ten Plants Used as Antimalarial in Mali

Mamadou Wele *

Laboratoire de Biologie Tropicale Intégrative et Exploratoire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Université des Sciences, Mali

Laura Kirkman

Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States of America

Nouhoum Diarra

Laboratoire de Biologie Tropicale Intégrative et Exploratoire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Université des Sciences, Mali

Yaya Goita

Laboratoire de Biologie Tropicale Intégrative et Exploratoire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Université des Sciences, Mali

Moriba Doumbia

Laboratoire de Biologie Tropicale Intégrative et Exploratoire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Université des Sciences, Mali

Kassim Traore

Department of Biochemistry, Genetics School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, North Carolina, United States of America

Drissa Diallo

Département de Médecine Traditionnelle, Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, Bamako, Mali

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Aim: This study was designed to determine in vitro antiplasmodial activities of extracts from ten Malian medicinal plants against P. falciparum strains.

Place and Duration of Study: Collection of plant materials and basic phytochemical screening were done in Bamako, Mali and antiplasmodial activity assessment at Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States of America between September 2013 and February 2014.

Methods: We collected leaves from ten commonly used medicinal plants and prepared ethanol and aqueous extracts. Antiplasmodial activities were evaluated against the chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 P. falciparum and chloroquine-resistant Dd2 P. falciparum strains, using the fluorescence-based SYBR® green I method. The interactions involving the differential extracts were further analyzed using a variable potency ratio drug combination approach. Chemical screening allowed us to identify the major secondary metabolites from those extract that were active against the parasite.

Results: Plant extracts showed a range of antiplasmodial activity. The ethanol extracts of Annona senegalensis, Bauhinia thonningii, Maytenus senegalensis, and Fluenggea virosa showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against 3D7 P. falciparum (17.81±3.43≤IC50 ≤ 37.64±0.83 µg/mL) and against Dd2 P. falciparum strains (19.58±3.43≤ IC50 ≤ 67.55±.1.76 µg/mL). Among aqueous extracts only extract from Bauhinia thonningii demonstrated moderate antiplasmodial activity against both strains. The results showed that the active extracts contained a group of alcaloids, flavonoids, sterols, saponosides, tannins, coumarins and triterpenoids

Conclusion: Bauhinia thonningii, Maytenus senegalensis, Annona senegalensis and Fluenggea virosa possess antiplasmodial activity. These data confirm their use in traditional malaria therapy in Mali and provide evidence for further study for antimalarial drug discovery.

Keywords: Antiplasmodial, phytochemistry, malaria, traditional medicinal plants, in vitro


How to Cite

Wele, Mamadou, Laura Kirkman, Nouhoum Diarra, Yaya Goita, Moriba Doumbia, Kassim Traore, and Drissa Diallo. 2017. “Antiplasmodial Potential and Phytochemical Screening of Ten Plants Used As Antimalarial in Mali”. European Journal of Medicinal Plants 19 (4):1-9. https://doi.org/10.9734/EJMP/2017/34523.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.