Cardiovascular Effect of the Fermented Seeds of Parkia biglobosa on Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus
Komlavi Mawuto Benjamin Apedjinou
Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Laboratory, University of Lomé, Togo.
Sabrina Chris Janiba Sanvee
Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Laboratory, University of Lomé, Togo.
Komla Mawubédjro Dossou-Yovo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Laboratory, University of Lomé, Togo.
Mindede Assih
Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Laboratory, University of Lomé, Togo.
Essotolom Badjabaissi
Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Laboratory, University of Lomé, Togo.
Aboudoulatif Diallo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Laboratory, University of Lomé, Togo.
Batomayena Bakoma *
Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Laboratory, University of Lomé, Togo.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fermented seeds of Parkia biglobosa or “African mustard” are widely consumed in Togo. These fermented seeds are known to have a protective effect against the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of the decoction of fermented seeds on cardiovascular system.
Methods: The fermented seeds have been subjected to physicochemical tests. A decoction was prepared and underwent qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests. The decoction was also administered intravenously to rabbits at cumulative doses (17.5 mg / kg; 35 mg / kg; 70 mg / kg and 140 mg / kg) to assess the effect of Parkia biglobosa fermented seeds on the cardiovascular system. Parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, and electrocardiogram (ECG) were then recorded.
Results: The fermented seeds had a water content of 8.1 ± 0.2%, the total ash content was 21 ± 0.4% and the content of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid of 2.3 ± 0.1%. The extract contained alkaloids, cardiac glycosides (with a content of 13.9 ± 0.2 µg equivalent of Digoxin / mg of extract) and saponins. The decoction causes a dose-dependent hypotension and bradycardia at 140mg / kg. The ECG shows a decrease of the amplitude of QRS complex at doses of 70 mg / kg and 140 mg / kg.
Conclusion: The decoction has a dose-dependent hypotensive effect probably linked to its cardiotonic glycosides.
Keywords: Parkia biglobosa, fermented seeds, decoction, cardiac glycosides, hypotension, ectrocardiogram