European Journal of Medicinal Plants

Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity and In vitro Anti-inflammatory Study on the Different Extracts of Stems and Roots of the Two Medicinal Plants: Cassia sophera and Jatropha curcas

Md. Farid Uddin *

Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Ashikur Rahman

Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Md Nayeem Hossain

Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Robel Mahmud

Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Iqbal Hossain

Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Ananta Kumar Das

Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka-1344, Bangladesh.

Koushik Saha

Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Abstract

Different extracts of stems and roots of Cassia sophera and Jatropha curcas were screened for antioxidant, cytotoxic activity and in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity using various methods. DPPH free radical scavenging assay of Cassia sophera & Jatropha curcas showed that methanol extract of root and stem have significant antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ value 2.42 & 7.49 µg/ml, respectively in comparison to standard with IC₅₀ value 4.38 µg/ml. In total phenolic content determination experiment, the results showed that, for cassia sophera, methanol extract of stems have higher phenolic content i.e 273.14±10.69 mg/g as equivalent to gallic acid whereas for Jatropha curcas it is ethyl acetate extract of stem with value 154.53±5.76 mg/g. The total flavonoids content study of the extracts of Cassia sophera exhibited that, ethyl acetate extract of root has higher flavonoid content i.e. 105.37±5.89 mg/g of flavonoids as equivalent to quercetin whereas for Jatropha curcas it is chloroform extract of stem with value 50.28±6.55 mg/g. The cytotoxicity study exhibited that all the extracts have lower cytotoxic property compared to standard for Cassia sophera whereas for Jatropha curcas, chloroform extract of stem has significant cytotoxicity with LC₅₀ value 4.52 μg/ml compared to standard vincristine sulfate with LC₅₀ value 3.04 µg/ml. From in-vitro anti-inflammatory assay of methanol extracts of stems and roots, the result showed that both plants have strong activity in compared to standard diclofenac sodium.

Keywords: Cassia sophera, Jotropha curcas, antioxidant activity, phenolic content, flavonoid content, cytotoxicity, in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity

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